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All Articles Tagged As: core
 | Identifying the composition of the earth's core is key to understanding how our planet formed and the current behavior of its interior. While it has been known for many years that iron is the main element in the core, many questions have remained about just how iron behaves under the conditions found deep in the earth. Now, a team led by mineral-physics researchers at Caltech has honed in on those behaviors by conducting extremely high-pressure experiments on the element. ...> Full Article |
Scientists know that the Earth's liquid outer core consists mainly of iron, but it is believed that small amounts of some other elements are also present. Oxygen is the most abundant element in the planet, so it is not unreasonable to expect oxygen might be one of the dominant "light elements" in the core. But new research proves otherwise. This has major implications for our understanding of the period when the Earth formed.
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 | Scientists will soon gain new insight into matter at conditions so extreme it can only be produced for microseconds using intense laser pulses. Such matter is present in the interior of the Earth and other planets, and we know surprisingly little about it. The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility in Grenoble today inaugurates a new X-ray beamline that will explore the last white spot on our globe: The Earth's core. ...> Full Article |
The inner core of the Earth is simultaneously melting and freezing due to circulation of heat in the overlying rocky mantle, according to new research from the University of Leeds, UC San Diego and the Indian Institute of Technology.
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New research gives the first accurate estimate of how much faster the Earth's core is rotating compared to the rest of the planet.
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 | Measurements of the magnetic field at the earth's surface can tell only so much about the dynamo producing it in the planet's core. UC Berkeley geophysicist Bruce Buffett has now used precise astronomical position data to calculate tidal damping in the core and determine for the first time the magnetic field in the center of the planet. The measurement, 25 Gauss, is in the middle of what various scientists have predicted. ...> Full Article |
 | A new method of capturing detailed, three-dimensional images of minute samples of material under extreme pressures is shedding light how Earth's interior evolved. Early results suggest that the early Earth did not have to be entirely molten to separate into the rocky crust and iron-rich core it has today. Researchers at Stanford University and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory are leading the group pioneering the technique, which could lead to a wide range of new experiments. ...> Full Article |
 | UC Berkeley and Yale scientists have recreated the tremendous pressures and high temperatures deep in the Earth to resolve a long-standing puzzle: why some seismic waves travel faster than others through the boundary between the solid mantle and fluid outer core. At the pressure near the core-mantle boundary -- more than a million times atmospheric pressure -- perovskite's crystals are deformed in just the right way to explain velocity differences of polarized seismic waves. ...> Full Article |
 | The Earth's mantle and its core mix at 2900 km under our feet in a mysterious zone. A team of geophysicists has just verified that the partial fusion of the mantle is possible in this area when the temperature reaches 4200 Kelvin. This reinforces the hypothesis of the presence of a deep magma ocean. The results have an effect in the understanding of the dynamics, composition and formation of the depths of our planet. ...> Full Article |
Using a diamond-anvil cell to recreate the high pressures deep within the earth, researchers at the California Institute of Technology have found unusual properties in an iron-rich magnesium- and iron-oxide mineral that may explain the existence of several ultra-low velocity zones at the core?mantle boundary. A paper about their findings was published in a recent issue of Geophysical Research Letters.
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 | In a May 7 session at the European Geosciences Union general assembly in Vienna, researchers presented the first interim results of the ESA mission GOCE, the Gravity Field and Steady-State Ocean Circulation Explorer. Evaluations of the first data from the satellite indicate that current models of Earth's gravitational field in some regions -- the Himalayas, for example -- can be fundamentally revised. The results could contribute to better understanding of many geophysical processes. ...> Full Article |
 | Spacecraft to investigate the Earth's gravitational field and to map the reference shape of our planet - the geoid - with unprecedented resolution and accuracy. ...> Full Article |
 | A new observation of the very deepest part of the Earth, the solid inner core ...> Full Article |
Effects on the magnetic field
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Researcher calls into question three decades of conventional wisdom regarding some of the physical processes that helped shape the Earth as we know it today.
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 | Geologists have confirmed the discovery of Earth's inner, innermost core, and have created a three-dimensional model that describes the seismic anisotropy and texturing of iron crystals within the inner core. ...> Full Article |
 | Researchers have presented evidence that their theory about the core of the earth is correct. Among other applications, the findings may be of significance for our understanding of the cooling down of the earth, and of the stability of the earth's magnetic field. ...> Full Article |
Observations about the early formation of Earth may answer an age-old question about why the planet's mantle is missing some of the matter that should be present, according to UBC geophysicist John Hernlund.
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 | Research into deep Earth interactions has led to some important findings, particularly for someone so new to the field, and the scientific world is paying attention. ...> Full Article |
Fairbanks adventurer Roger Siglin has journeyed close to the magnetic north pole. Near Resolute, in the northern area of Canada now known as Nunavut, Siglin was 300 miles from the magnetic north pole, the wandering spot on Earth's surface that attracts compass needles and confounds scientists.
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Laboratory measurements of a high-pressure mineral believed to exist deep within the Earth show that the mineral may not, as geophysicists hoped, have the right properties to explain a mysterious layer lying just above the planet's core.
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